The Gydan Peninsula is one of the least studied areas of Russia. This area belongs to the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region. The topography of the peninsula is mostly in lowland, heavily marshy, with bays in the interior.
It’s a rather harsh Arctic climate. The January average temperature of January is minus 26-to-30°C, and July - plus 4-to-11°C. There are also strong winds up to 25-30 meters per second..
The third part of the year is occupied by the polar night and the rest of the time it is the polar day.
What makes it attractive to business?
The surface of the area is composed of loose marine and glacial quaternary sediments. The Mesozoic sediments beneath them have abundant oil and natural gas reserves.
Kara Sea
The peninsula is washed on one side by the Kara Sea. The Kara Sea is one of several seas that make up the Siberian Arctic. Due to its geographical features, it belongs to the mainland type of marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean.
It is considered to be the marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean and is part of the Northern Sea Route. Although this sea is the heaviest along the entire length of the Northern Sea Route, it is the "Northern Gateway to Siberia" due to its enormous ice cover. In ancient times, sailing through the Kara Sea amounted to a deadly feat - it was called an "ice cellar".
In 1556, the Englishman Stephen Borough tried to cross the body of water to reach the mouth of the Ob River. But he was stopped halfway across by fog and ice. The next attempt was made in 1580 by the English expedition of Arthur Peth and Charles Jackman. But it, too, ended in complete failure.
In 1736-1737 Russian officers Stepan Malygin and Alexey Skuratov carried out an expedition from the Barents Sea. Their vessels succeeded in reaching the mouth of Obi. Their vessels succeeded in reaching the mouth of the Ob. This resulted in a fairly accurate map of the Arctic coast between the Pechora and the Ob.
To this day, this sea is considered the coldest sea on Earth. Even modern nuclear-powered icebreakers do not always conquer this sea.